TGD individuals worldwide face health disparities such as higher rates of mood disorders, substance use, HIV, sexually transmitted infections, as well as underutilization of preventive health services, including suboptimal uptake of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). The most recent data estimate there are over 1.3 million transgender adults in the USA. This includes transgender men and women as well as an increasing number of individuals whose gender falls outside of the gender binary, including nonbinary and agender individuals. Transgender and gender diverse (TGD) individuals have a gender identity that differs from their sex assigned at birth. Summaryĭigital health technologies, including HIT-enabled clinical decision support, telehealth, telemedicine, and mHealth, offer innovative ways to improve health care access, improve quality of care, and reduce health disparities for TGD populations, including and beyond HIV outcomes, through enhanced care delivery, clinician education, and enhancing social support networks. Digital technologies have been used to improve research and clinical care for TGD populations through various modalities telemedicine, telehealth and mHealth. Clinicians frequently lack training, competence, and skills in transgender medicine, further exacerbating the health disparities faced by TGD people. TGD individuals often delay or avoid essential medical services due to fear of discrimination. These health disparities are the result of widespread intersectional stigma on the basis of gender identity, gender expression, socioeconomic class, race, and ethnicity, which negatively impact access to general medical and transgender-specific health care. TGD individuals experience numerous health disparities, including low uptake of HIV prevention strategies, such as pre-exposure prophylaxis, increased HIV incidence, and suboptimal HIV-related outcomes. The goal of this review is to assess the use of digital technologies to promote the health and well-being of transgender and gender diverse (TGD) people.
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